Restoration Begins on World’s First Court of Justice in Ancient City of Ur

The General Authority for Antiquities and Heritage in Dhi Qar has officially commenced the restoration of the Dub Lal-Mah Temple, widely regarded as the first court of justice in human history. This significant restoration effort is being carried out under the directives of His Excellency, Dr. Ahmed Fakak Al-Badrani, Minister of Culture, Tourism and Antiquities, and is supervised by Mr. Ali Obaid Shalgham, Chairman of the General Authority for Antiquities and Heritage. The project is in cooperation with a team of specialists from the University of Pennsylvania, USA.

The Dub Lal-Mah Temple, situated in the ancient Sumerian city of Ur, is considered an architectural marvel, home to the earliest known arch construction, which dates back to around 4500 BC. Ur, located to the west of Nasiriyah, the capital of Dhi Qar Governorate, stands as one of the most prominent cities of Sumerian civilisation, known for its cultural, religious, and legal advancements.

Shamil Al-Rumaidh, the Inspector of Antiquities and Heritage for Dhi Qar, emphasised the global significance of this restoration project, highlighting the importance of the Dub Lal-Mah Temple. He explained that the temple not only held religious importance but also served as the seat of the world’s first known court of justice. It is within this historic structure that the Code of Ur-Nammu, the oldest recorded legal system, was enforced through formal judicial proceedings.

The restoration of this historic site will ensure the preservation of a key piece of global heritage, shedding light on the earliest foundations of law and justice in human history. This project further strengthens Iraq’s position as a guardian of ancient civilisations and a centre for cultural and archaeological significance. It stands as a testament to Iraq’s ongoing efforts to protect and preserve its vast archaeological treasures, reinforcing its role in safeguarding humanity’s shared history.

Source: Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Antiquities